Documented. Disputed. Unsupported. The Whole Ledger, No Spin.



BEFORE COLUMBUS — Part 8 of 9. Claim-by-claim check. The scorecard.

 If you've been wondering whether the whole reel is true or false, the honest answer is a ledger.

DOCUMENTED: Ghana, Mali, and Songhai running the gold-salt trade. Mansa Musa's 1324 hajj. Timbuktu's manuscripts and their 2012 rescue. Benin's walls, bronzes, and 1897 looting. Great Zimbabwe and the colonial lie about it. Al-Umari's account of Atlantic expeditions that never returned. The Garifuna. Cahokia. The core complaint: African civilizations are under-taught, and the erasure has a paper trail.

DISPUTED: whether Musa's predecessor can be identified ("Abu Bakr II" is likely a mistranslation artifact). Whether any Malian ship reached the Americas. What Columbus's journal entry about dark-skinned traders with gold-tipped spears actually describes.

UNSUPPORTED: that the Olmec heads depict Africans. That the Washitaw were a pre-Columbian Black Moorish empire. That verified pre-Columbian African skeletons exist in the Americas. That the Garifuna predate contact.

Hard truth: roughly the strongest half of the reel stands. The shakiest half is the half that goes viral, because it's the most dramatic.

Check before you share.

 Final part: why the reel still matters, even where it's wrong.

 #BeforeColumbus #FactCheck #Documented #Disputed #Unsupported #LoneWolf #KilerDavenport

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